What should I do if the microalbumin index is too high?
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Urinary microalbumin refers to the presence of microalbumin in the urine. Albumin is a normal protein in the blood, but under physiological conditions only a very small amount of albumin occurs in the urine. Microalbuminuria reflects abnormal protein leakage from the kidneys.
When a patient has high blood pressure or diabetes, or both (often co-occurring), lesions in the blood vessels of the kidneys change the ability of the kidneys to filter proteins (especially albumin), which allows the proteins to leak into the in urine. Microalbuminuria is an early sign of diabetes affecting the kidneys and is called diabetic nephropathy.
Urinary microalbumin abnormalities are also signs of changes in the overall vascular system and can be considered a "window" for arterial disease because it is an early indicator of changes in the renal and cardiovascular systems.
What happens if there is abnormal urine microalbumin, if there is no treatment and no intervention in diabetic patients?
In the absence of intervention, diabetic nephropathy can progress from microalbuminuria to proteinuria, eventually leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which can lead to hemodialysis or kidney transplantation. Elevated urinary microalbumin is the earliest clinical sign of kidney damage, and proteinuria suggests the presence of obvious diabetic nephropathy.
In the absence of intervention, 20% to 40% of patients with high microalbuminemia develop proteinuria within 5 to 10 years. Once proteinuria occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes, the decline of renal function will be irreversible, and patients will progressively develop end-stage renal disease. Renal hypertension accelerates the progression of microalbuminuria and renal damage.
Summary: Since microalbuminuria is an important risk factor for kidney and cardiovascular system diseases, and it is not accompanied by any symptoms that can be detected by patients, regular microalbuminuria special examinations should be performed in high-risk groups of microalbuminuria. It should be routinely checked to prevent or slow the progression of renal complications.
